#oil-era

Sudan: A Financial History — From the Gum Arabic Trade to the Oil Era and the Civil War Economic Collapse

This article explores the financial history of Sudan, tracing its economic evolution from ancient trade routes and the agricultural gum Arabic monopoly to the oil boom. It analyzes the severe fiscal shocks of the South Sudan secession, Dutch disease, and political isolation. Finally, it details the total macroeconomic collapse resulting from the outbreak of the 2023 civil war.