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Sudan

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Country Profile

Capital
Khartoum
Population
50.5M
Area
1.9M km²
GDP (nominal)
$60.2B
GDP per capita
$1,164
Currency
SDG
Sudanese Pound
Languages
Arabic, English
Government
Transitional government

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📖 About Sudan · 4

◈Geopolitics & Defense › Defense Economics
Sudan: Military and Paramilitary Forces — The SAF, the RSF, and the War That Destroyed a NationThis article analyzes the militarization of Sudan's political economy, focusing on the security duopoly of the Sudan Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces. It explores their multi-billion-dollar off-budget corporate empires and the integration disputes that triggered the civil war. Finally, it details the proliferation of tribal militias, porous border vulnerabilities, and the active involvement of foreign proxy powers.
◈Government & Fiscal Policy › Government Structure
Sudan: Government Structure — Transitional Council, the CBOS, and the Institutional DestructionThis article outlines the governance and institutional framework of Sudan, detailing the transition from a fragile civilian-military hybrid to a fragmented dictatorship. It examines the structure, Islamization, and catastrophic physical and digital collapse of the Central Bank of Sudan. Finally, it analyzes the breakdown of federal ministries and regional governance under the weight of the civil war.
◉Country Profiles › Country Profiles
Sudan: Economic Future — The War Economy, the Gold Smuggling, and the Reconstruction ChallengeThis article examines Sudan's challenging economic outlook, focusing on the transition from a formal centralized state to a fragmented war economy. It analyzes the role of gold smuggling and foreign mercenary networks in financing the ongoing conflict. Finally, it outlines the critical agriculture and infrastructure vulnerabilities and the monumental challenges of post-war reconstruction.
◈Financial History › Crisis & Financial History
Sudan: A Financial History — From the Gum Arabic Trade to the Oil Era and the Civil War Economic CollapseThis article explores the financial history of Sudan, tracing its economic evolution from ancient trade routes and the agricultural gum Arabic monopoly to the oil boom. It analyzes the severe fiscal shocks of the South Sudan secession, Dutch disease, and political isolation. Finally, it details the total macroeconomic collapse resulting from the outbreak of the 2023 civil war.

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